île de tromelin

 

[15], An archeological expedition entitled "Forgotten Slaves", led by Max Guérout, a former French naval officer and director of operations of the Naval Archeology Research Group, and Thomas Romon, archaeologist at INRAP (National Institute for Preventive Archaeological Research), took place from October to November 2006, under the patronage of UNESCO and the French Committee for the History and Remembrance of Slavery (CPMHE). Tromelin Island (/ˌtroʊmlɪn/[citation needed]; French: Île Tromelin, pronounced [il tʁɔmlɛ̃]) is a low, flat island in the Indian Ocean about 500 kilometres (310 mi) north of Réunion and about 450 kilometres (280 mi) east of Madagascar. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. [15] On 27 September 1761, a contingent of 122 French sailors (crew and officers) left Tromelin aboard the Providence. Nous allons essayer de comprendre comment le passage d’un nom à l’autre s’est produit. Car c’est surtout l’espace autour de l’île qui intéresse les deux Etats. Le dessinateur Sylvain Savoia a réalisé une bande-dessinée sur l'aventure des esclaves oubliés de l'île Tromelin. [15], The fourth expedition, took place in September–October 2013. Celui ci eut lieu le 1er août 1761. The news of the castaway slaves got published and stirred the Parisian intellectual milieu; later, the episode was all but forgotten with the end of the Seven Years' War and the bankruptcy of the East India Company. [14], The sailors reached Madagascar in just over four days and, after a stopover in Foulpointe, where men died of tropical diseases, were transferred to Réunion Island (then Bourbon Island), and then to Mauritius (then called the Isle de France). Le commandant de bord pour l'OP 3-2017 se nomme A. Eyssautier. "Tromelin, l’île des esclaves oubliés", exposition au musée de l’Homme (17 Place du Trocadéro et du 11 Novembre, 75116 Paris), du 13 février au 3 juin 2019. La première escale, après le départ de La Réunion fût pour l'île de Tromelin le 08 novembre 2017. [16], Castellan left Mauritius (Isle de France) to return to France in 1762 and never gave up hope to one day return to the Isle of Sand to save the Malagasy people. The green turtle (Chelonia mydas), also known as the freshwater turtle, is mainly encountered and, to a lesser extent, the tortoiseshell turtle, better known as the caret. Tromelin was the first to precisely describe the island that now bears his name. Il ne s'y arrête pas et la nomme sobrement "Île des sables". Both great and lesser frigatebirds used to nest on the island. The fire was maintained for fifteen years, thanks to the wood from the wreck, the island being devoid of trees. Both masked (with up to 250 pairs) and red-footed boobies (up to 180 pairs) nest on the island. Allochthonous species were introduced on the island during the various shipwrecks: rats, mice and rabbits. In 2010, Mauritius and France reached an agreement on the co-management of Tromelin, without prejudice to the sovereignty of Mauritius over Tromelin. Elle est située au large de Madagascar.C’est une des îles Éparses ; avec les autres îles de ce groupement, Tromelin est un territoire français d'outre-mer et des terres australes et antarctiques françaises.L'île n'a aucun habitant permanent, mais accueille des missions scientifiques, et en particulier météorologiques. In 2016, an exhibition presenting the results of the various excavation campaigns, entitled "Tromelin, the island of forgotten slaves", was presented jointly in metropolitan France and in the DROM: At the Stella Matutina Museum in Saint-Leu (La Réunion), the castle of the Dukes of Brittany in Nantes, the House of Agglomeration of Lorient, the Aquitaine Museum in Bordeaux, the departmental museum of archeology and prehistory of Martinique in Fort-de-France, and finally to the Basque Museum of the History of Bayonne from June to November 2017. L'histoire de l'île de Tromelin Partie de Bayonne le 17 novembre 1760, l’Utile, un navire de la Compagnie française des Indes orientales, s’échoue le 31 juillet 1761 sur l’île de Sable (aujourd’hui île de Tromelin), un îlot désert de 1 km² au large de Madagascar, à 500 km de la première terre. [21] A co-management treaty was reached by France and Mauritius in 2010,[22] but has not been ratified.[23]. Géolocalisation de l'Ile Tromelin OSM (6080162).png 1,156 × 722; 183 KB L Utile wreck.jpg 1,297 × 1,813; 1.09 MB Lettre de felicitations au Capitaine André, Paul, POUX.gif 581 × 846; 59 KB [12], On 31 July 1761[13] the French ship Utile ("Useful"), a frigate of the French East India Company, chartered by Jean-Joseph de Laborde and commanded by Captain Jean de La Fargue, transporting slaves from Madagascar to Mauritius in contravention of Mauritian law, ran onto the reefs of the island. [15], In 1773, a ship passing close to Tromelin Island located the slaves and reported them to the authorities of Isle de France. Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 20 apr 2021 om 14:09. L’île Tromelin (Carte : Ouest-France) Tromelin. L'île Tromelin est située 450 kilomètres à l'est de Madagascar (Madagascar (Madagasikara en malgache), ou la République de Madagascar (Repoblikan'i...) et à 535 kilomètres au nord (Le nord est un point cardinal, opposé au sud.) [1] It is a nesting site for birds and green sea turtles. La survie d’un groupe humain dans un endroit aussi ingrat paraît inimaginable. The Malagasy people, who had been left on the bleak little island, built a shed with coral stones, for most of the wood had been used in the construction of the raft for the crew. [14] The ship had departed Bayonne in France with 142 men. The latter were decimated in 1986 by cyclone Erinesta. The island was discovered by France in 1720s. De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie. They left the surviving slaves – 60 Malagasy men and women – on the desert island, promising to return and rescue them. « Les esclaves oubliés de l’île Tromelin » en trois dates clés. Son capitaine, Jean-Marie Briand de la Feuillée, se laisse sûrement porté par les alizés quand il voit l’île pour la première fois. Tromelin has facilities for scientific expeditions and a weather station. L'île Tromelin est une île française de l'océan Indien appartenant au district des îles Éparses de l'océan Indien, rattaché aux Terres australes et antarctiques françaises. En 1761, des esclaves malgaches furent abandonnés sur l'île de Tromelin, après le naufrage d'une embarcation de la Compagnie française des Indes orientales. Ses dessins ont été exposés au musée d'histoire de Nantes. Parmi les centaines de rendez-vous d'Etonnants Voyageurs, il en était un qui mettait en lumière l'île Tromelin, et l'histoire de ses esclaves oubliés. Celui du chevalier de Tromelin qui donnera d’ailleurs son nom à cette île. There is only grass and brush (low shrubs) present on the island. Sauf que, souvenez-vous aussi que Robinson Crusoé était à l’origine parti naviguer à la recherche d’esclaves africains. France and Mauritius have been negotiating for years in regard to the possible establishment of a condominium over the island. "[15], An anonymous logbook, attributed to a writer of the crew, was found. Nous sommes le 11 août 1722, à bord du navire de la compagnie des Indes : La Diane. (GOOGLE MAPS) Un îlot inhospitalier et difficile d'accès [15], Captain Jean de Lafargue lost his mind as a result of the wreck, and was replaced by his first lieutenant, second-in-command, Barthelemy Castellan du Vernet who lost his brother Leon in the shipwreck. They dug a well, providing drinking water, and fed on salvaged food, turtles, and seabirds. A boat was sent, but this first rescue failed, as the ship couldn't approach the island. [15] Maillart decided to baptize the child Jacques Moyse (Moses), on the day of his arrival in Port-Louis on 15 December 1776, and to rename his mother Eve (her Malagasy name was Semiavou) and to do the same with the child's grandmother, whom he called Dauphine after the name of the corvette that rescued them. They tried to survive with order and method. Het vormt vanaf dan een onderdeel van de Verspreide Eilanden in de Indisch… Voir le diaporama Abandonnés par des marins français après un naufrage en 1761, des esclaves malgaches ont survécu pendant 15 ans sur le minuscule îlot de Tromelin… Depuis 1825 et avant qu’un second levé hydrographique soit effectué en 1875, l’île est désignée indifféremment sous le nom d’île de Sable ou sous celui de Tromelin. Quinze ans plus tard, en 1776, le chevalier Maurice de Tromelin aborde l’île malgré le péril que ça représente, et recueille les derniers survivants : sept femmes et un petit bébé. [19], It is a matter of dispute whether the building agreement transferred sovereignty of Tromelin from one to the other, and Mauritius claims the island as part of its territory, on the grounds that France has not retained its sovereignty over island in 1814 which was de facto part of the colony of Mauritius at the time of independence. Des esclaves qui seront affranchis avant que leur trace ne soit définitivement perdue. The fauna consists mainly of hermit crabs (Paguroidea), seabirds, and sea turtles for which the island is an important nesting place. Ils ont survécu pendant 15 ans en recréant une micro-société. The breeding populations of both birds have since been extirpated, although they continue to use the island for roosting. Malheureusement, il ne trouvera vivants que sept femmes et un bébé de 8 mois. One does not have the impression that these people were crushed by their condition. L’ÎLE DE TROMELIN ET SON HISTOIRE Parti de Bayonne le 17 novembre 1760, l’Utile, un na-vire de la Compagnie française des Indes orientales, s’échoue le 31 juillet 1761 sur l’île de Sable (aujourd’hui île de Tromelin), un îlot désert de 1 km² au large de Madagascar. Située à 450 km à l’est de Madagascar et à 535 km au nord-ouest de La Réunion, Tromelin fait partie des Îles éparses, dépendant des Terres australes et antarctiques françaises (TAAF). Deux mois plus tard, le gouverneur l’envoie à Madagascar pour In 1814 werd het onder het gezag van het Franse departement Réunion geplaatst. [3], Tromelin is about 1,700 metres (1.1 mi) long and 700 metres (0.43 mi) wide, with an area of 80 ha (200 acres), covered in scrub dominated by octopus bush[6] and surrounded by coral reefs. In summer, it can suffer the onslaught of cyclones and tropical storms. The Mauritian claim to sovereignty is based on the fact that the island must have been ceded to United Kingdom by the treaty of Paris in 1814 and should not continue to be administered by France as a dependency of Réunion. Sur cette île on trouve une station météo qui a été automatisée en 2015 , des vestiges archéologiques remontant à la tragique période des oubliés de l'île. Most had died within the first few months on the island. Son surnom : "le danger" et elle le porte bien puisque le deuxième élément clé dans son histoire après sa découverte, est un naufrage. Veloutaries (Heliotropium foertherianum) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea), with growth shaped by a dominant east winds are present everywhere on the island. L'île de Tromelin est située à 535 km au nord de l'île de la Réunion, dans l'océan Indien. The French Coral Reef Initiative (IFRECOR) has identified 26 species of corals. There were also six copper bowls and a pebble used to sharpen knives. The results of the research were made public on 17 January 2007. Sinds 2007 hoort Tromelin nog steeds bij Frankrijk, maar maakt het geen deel meer uit van Réunion. [5][16] Upon arriving there, Tromelin-Lanuguy discovered that the survivors were dressed in plaited feather clothes and that they had managed, during all these years, to keep a fire lit (the island did not have a single tree). Le 18 janvier prochain, l'Assemblée nationale examine un accord de cogestion entre la France et l'île Maurice concernant Tromelin, un îlot minuscule de l'océan In During this second failed rescue, a sailor managed to swim to the island, but he had to be abandoned by the ship due to bad weather. After a stopover on Mauritius (then called the Isle de France), the ship embarked 160 Malagasy men, women, and children at Foulpointe, on the east coast of Madagascar, to bring them into slavery on Mauritius, despite the prohibition of trafficking decreed by the governor. [7] A 1,200 metre (3,900 ft) airstrip provides a link with the outside world.[8]. The island has been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because of its significance as a seabird breeding site. Mais comment ont-ils pu survivre sur un minuscule îlot où il n'y a rien ? [15], In 1781 the Marquis de Condorcet recounted the tragedy of the castaways of Tromelin, to illustrate the inhumanity of the slave trade, in his book Reflections on the Slavery of Negroes advocating the abolition of slavery. It allowed the discovery of three new buildings and many objects, including two lighters and flints, which elucidated the technique used by the castaways to rekindle the fire. Castellan built two camps, one for the crew and one for the slaves, a forge and an oven, and with the materials recovered from the wreckage, began construction of a boat. [17] Indeed, the treaty doesn't specifically mention all the dependencies of Mauritius which leads to uncertainty on the sovereignty of Tromelin, and the official text was the most clearly text in French. LINFO.RE – créé le 5.10.2013 à 17h25 – mis à jour le 27.01.2021 à 15h54- Déjà, le titre: On compare les personnes oubliées sur l’île de Tromelin à Robinson Crusoé, qui, souvenez-vous, s’est aussi échoué sur une île et y est resté pendant des années. A year later, a second ship, Sauterelle, also failed to reach the island. Crédit : Archives nationales En avril 1761, l’Utile, flûte de la Compagnie frans çaise des Indes Orientales, armée à Bayonne ars rive à l’Ile de France (île Maurice). [15], It was not until 29 November 1776, 15 years after the sinking, that Ensign Tromelin-Lanuguy, captain of the corvette Dauphine,[2] reached Tromelin Island and rescued the survivors – seven women and an eight-month-old child. It lasted for 45 days, and enabled the identification of many tools and shelters, as well as the layout of the site.[15].